The physical and environmental impacts of sand mining occur due to excavation that is taking place in the study area. Pdf recent case studies of sand mining, utilization and. He is an expert in quaternary geology and environmental geology and has been studying sand mining and related environmental problems for almost 20 years. Effect of sandgravel mining in minna emirate area of nigeria on stakeholders, journal of sustainable development, vol 4, no. Strip mining destroys landscapes, forests and wildlife habitats at the site of the mine when trees, plants, and topsoil are cleared from the mining area. Recent case studies of sand mining, utilization and.
Other industrial minerals commonly mined in missouri include limestone, clay, and some sandstone and. Mining methods and impacts sand and gravel are regulated as industrial minerals in missouri. Sand mining also adds to the water pollution problems in the rivers, especially in the urbanized areas. A better understanding of sand budgets is necessary if the problems of river and coastal environments are to be solved. Strategic environmental assessment sea is a sister tool applied upstream at the level. In april 2008 concern over the impact on the biodiversity led to a ban on sand mining in. Impacts can result in erosion, sinkholes, loss of biodiversity, or the contamination of soil, groundwater, and surface water by the chemicals emitted from mining processes.
The continuation of sand mining in spite of the associated adverse environmental effects, have been linked to the creation of new usable land from marginal. With any electrical generation facility there will be environmental impacts related to mining and processing the fuel, and transporting it. The elimination or disruption of members of various flora and fauna species are of particular interest. Environmental impacts of sand and gravel operations in new. To mine the sand without causing undue erosion or degradation at the site. The physical and environmental impacts of sand mining.
It is sure that all these activities ultimately end up in the degradation of the rivers. Study of sand mining and related environmental problems. Sand mining various environments is presented below. Environmental impact assessment and management plan. Per definition, sand mining is the application in which sand is extracted through an open pit, other practices could include the extraction of sand from ocean or river beds. Key environmental and social impacts environmental and social impacts of mining have been welldocumented and an ample. The paper mainly focused on the mining activities in prestea in the western region of the country. Illegal sand mining in south africa the green times. Although extensive clearing followed settlement of the area in the 1850s many of the dunes were not cleared due to early recognition of the sand drift problems occasioned by their clearance.
Sand mining disturbs and completely remove the habitat from the mined zones. The mining sector in ghana consists of both smallscale and largescale mining, each of which has varying environmental impacts. Among the different types of human interventions, mining of sand and gravel is the most disastrous one, as the activity threatens the very existence of river ecosystems. K maya this book addresses most of the environmental impacts of sand mining from small rivers. Sand mining environmental impacts and selected case. The paper discusses the imperatives of sand mining and the environmental impacts using selected case histories in the niger delta and elsewhere. The sand mining has several impacts on the river environment. River environment impact of sand mining sand is vital for sustenance of rivers. Environmental impact refers to the impact on the ecosystem. Wet pit mining involves extraction of sand and gravel from below water table stream channel or a perennial river using hydraulic excavator or dragline. This in turn leads to soil erosion and destruction of.
Quantifying the hydrodynamic impacts of cumulative sand. The massive sand mining industry is often forgotten. The hidden social and environmental costs of sand mining the massive sand mining industry is often forgotten. This document is intended to introduce anticipated impacts of sand dune mining. Impacts of sand mining envis centre on environmental. Environmental impacts of sand mining in the city of santarem, amazon region, northern brazil. The guidebook for evaluating mining project eias reflects many years of experience evaluating the environmental impact assessments eias for proposed mining projects around the world. The problems and solutions addressed in this book are applicable to all rivers that drain through densely populated tropical coasts undergoing rapid economic growth. Per definition, sand mining is the application in which sand is extracted through. Ohorongo mining is the holder of epl 3371, the extent of which is shown in figure 2 inside back cover. Pdf the physical and environmental impacts of sand mining. Case studies of environmental impacts of sand mining and gravel extraction for urban development in gaborone by tariro madyise submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of master of science in the subject environmental management at the university of south africa supervisor. Mining and its associated activities can be responsible for considerable environmental damage. Below is a partial list of the potential cumulative impacts from the development of a typical sand and gravel mine.
This book addresses most of the environmental impacts of sand mining from small rivers the problems and solutions addressed in this book are applicable to all rivers that drain through densely populated tropical coasts undergoing rapid economic growth. However, only a small portion of the epl is required for the quarry and cement. Although there are more than 2,500 sand and gravel pits in wisconsin, and probably several thousand more throughout. It leads to changes in its channel form, physical habitats and food webs the river. The continuation of sand mining in spite of the associated adverse environmental effects, have been. Environmental impacts of industrial silica sand frac sand.
Pollution of the water is evident by the colouration of water which in most of the rivers and streams in the mining area varies from brownish to reddish orange. Pdf environmental impact of sand mining in tamiraparani. Pdf assessing environmental impacts of inland sand. Eia is intended to identify the impacts both beneficial and adverse of a proposed public and private. In this study we assess the impact of sand mining in poyang lake, where dredging began in 2001 after sand mining in the yangtze river had been banned.
Sharip and zaki 2014 illustrated the impacts of sand mining on the dynamics of the thermal structure and water quality in bukit merah lake, indicating that sand mining led to an increase in turbidity exceeding 100 ntu and an enhanced temperature gradient. Effects of mining on the environment and human health impacts of strip mining. As a worldwide economic activity, pit and river sand mining and gravel extraction has both positive and negative impacts to the environment. Padmalal is a research scientist at the centre for earth science studies trivandrum, kerala, india. Sand mining also affects the adjoining groundwater system and the uses that local people make of the river. In comparatively recent times the sand dunes which had been excluded from earlier. Impacts include bed degradation, bed coarsening, lowered water tables near the streambed, and channel. This practice is used to extract sand that is predominantly utilized in manufacturing. It leads to changes in river channel form, physical habitats and food webs. This book addresses most of the environmental impacts of sand mining from small rivers.
Natural aggregate crushed stone, sand, and gravel is a vital part of our economic infrastructure in minnesota. Dust and diesel fumes generated on the haul road to and from the mine. Environmental impacts the benefits of industrial silica sand mining are realized in economic terms, whereas the costs are merely theoretical, in the form of potential environmental impacts. Copy of environmental impact of soil and sand mining. Instream sand mining results in the destruction of aquatic and riparian habitat through large changes in the channel morphology. Aggregate is used for road and bridge construction and in a variety of building. Generic environmental impact statement sand dune mining geological survey division.
The goal of this report is to inform the surinamese government and public on the impacts of sand mining on beaches in suriname, based on the analysis of satellite images of the suriname coast, and on ground observations on braamspunt beach, and the necessity for conservation of. Pdf the aim of the study was to assess the consequences of sand mining activities on soil erosion, vegetation clearance and landslide levels. The main emphasis of this report is on aggregate extraction from rivers, which encompasses sand, gravel, pebbles or cobbles, but is collectively referred to as sand mining. Silica sand mining has minimal environmental impact, involves virtually no public health risk, and is an important part of domestic energy production that has substantial economic benefits. This paper provides an exposition on the environmental impacts of mining activities in ghana. Potential environmental impacts of quarrying stone in. The hidden social and environmental costs of sand mining. The study showed that improper sand mining causes degradation of the nzhelele river and its floodplains. Planning for the extraction of aggregates is typically dealt with at a case to case basis, without assessing environmental impacts strategically. It happens on a vast scale, is poorly regulated, and.
By removing the alluvial soil or sand, the river geomorphology will change be cause it can bring the river banks under unstable conditions. The mining operation will have minimal impacts on the natural environment if mitigation measures proposed in this environmental management plan emp are implemented and strictly adhered too. The problems and solutions addressed in this book are applicable to all rivers that drain through densely. Strategic assessment of the magnitude and impacts of sand. Impacts of sand and gravel quarrying on the stream channel. Case studies of environmental impacts of sand mining and gravel extraction for urban development in gaborone, phd thesis, university of south africa. Pdf page 2 of 62 generic environmental impact statement. The impact of sand mining may vary depending upon geologic and geomorphic settings, river size, resource availability, climatic conditions, etc. The hidden environmental toll of mining the worlds sand.
Assessing environmental impacts of inland sand mining in parts of ogun state, nigeria. Dry pit mining is a method used when sand is extracted above water table from a dry stream bed and exposed bars using conventional bulldozers, scrapers and loaders. In this article we are discussing about the direct and indirect impacts due to soil and sand. Pdf environmental impacts of sand mining in the city of santarem. In this article we are discussing about the direct and indirect impacts due to soil and sand mining to the environment in indian regions. Land use and river degradation impact of sand and gravel mining. Both levels of authority use the national environmental management act of 1998 nema to regulate certain environmental aspects of sand mining. The impacts are made worse, says unep researcher pascal peduzzi, because a lack of proper scientific methodology for river sand mining has led to indiscriminate sand mining, while weak governance and corruption have led to widespread illegal mining. The aim of the study was to assess the consequences of sand mining activities on soil erosion, vegetation clearance and landslide levels in the o. Illegal sand mining in south africa saiia policy briefing 116 4 dea and the department of water affairs dwa, while each province has a department responsible for environmental matters. Environmental impact of sand mining in tamiraparani river, south tamilnadu. Environmental impact an overview sciencedirect topics.
825 151 315 536 1237 187 173 1039 504 689 328 1529 472 554 426 1236 1477 93 76 634 983 1312 1345 1538 370 562 1504 255 613 1357 743 821 935 300 1502 763 59 1479 1158 1023 850 1001 1433 531 1212 630